(1)Some other factors which may influence reasoning are (a) faulty analogizing,(b) the inhibiting effect on further research of concepts which have been widely accepted as satisfactory… 原译:其它会影响推理的一些因素是(a)错误的类比,(b)对一些概念进一步研究的抑制性影响,而这些概念是被广泛认为满意的……
分析:什么叫“抑制性影响”,是什么东西的抑制性影响?“抑制性影响”怎么会成为影响推理的因素?所有这些都是不明确的,因而,这个判断很不严密。一查原文,发现译文果然有误。从译文看,译者把介词短语of concepts 看成是research这个动作名词的逻辑上的宾语了。实际上,介词短语of concepts 在语法上是the effect 的宾语,而在逻辑上则表示施动性的主语。句中的关键结构是the effect A( up )on B of A,它的意义是:A对B的作用(或影响)。由此可见,the inhibting effect on further rsearch of concepts …并不是“对一些概念进一步研究的抑制住影响,”而是“某些被公认正确的概念对进一步研究的阻碍作用。”
(3) The exploration of space, world finance and the development of new sources of power, shch as atomic energy-these are examples of areas of sciorgnization , working by itself ,can hope to tacle them efficiently.