法律英语翻译常用专业词汇之刑法总论

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法律英语翻译常用专业词汇之刑法总论
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法律英语翻译常用专业词汇之刑法总论

刑法总论

刑法学

criminal law; penal law

犯罪学

criminology

犯罪心理学

criminal psychology

劳动改造法学

reform-through-labor

中国刑法史

history of Chinese criminal law

比较刑法学

comparative criminal law

刑事侦查

criminal detection

司法精神病学

forensic psychiatry

罪刑法定原则

principal of a legally prescribed punishment for aspecified crime

罪刑相适应原则

principal of suiting punishment to crime

罪责自负原则

principal of bearing responsibility solely for one’s owncrime

惩罚与教育相结合原则

principal of combining punishment with education

从旧原则

the doctrine of observing old laws

从新原则

the doctrine of observing new laws

从旧兼从轻原则

the doctrine of observing old laws and new ones whenwith lighter punishment

从新兼从轻原则

the doctrine of observing new laws and old ones whenwith lighter punishment

追诉时效

limitation of prosecution

刑事责任

criminal liability/responsibility

刑事责任年龄

age for criminal responsibility

刑事责任能力

criminal responsibility; capacity for criminalresponsibility

犯罪

crime; commit a crime

故意犯罪

intentional crime; willful crime

过失犯罪

negligent crime

犯罪构成

constitution of a crime

犯罪主体

subject of a crime

犯罪客体

object of a crime

犯罪的主观方面

subjective elements of a crime

犯罪的客观方面

objective elements of a crime

犯罪对象

target of a crime

犯罪故意

criminal intent; mens rea

直接故意

actual intent; direct intent

间接故意

indirect intent

犯罪过失

criminal negligence

疏忽大意的过失

careless negligence

过于自信的过失

negligence with undue assumption

不能预见

unforeseeable; unpredictable

不能避免

unavoidable

犯罪动机

criminal motive

犯罪目的

criminal intent; criminal purpose

防卫过当

unjustifiable self-defense

紧急避险

act of rescue; necessity

犯罪既遂

completion of a crime

犯罪未遂

attempted crime

犯罪形态

criminal pattern

犯罪预备

a crime in preparation; preparation for a crime

犯意表示

expression for a crime

犯罪中止

abandonment/discontinuance of a crime

犯罪中断

suspension of a crime

行为犯

behavioral offence

危险犯

potential damage offence

结果犯

consequential offence

结果加重犯

aggregated consequential offence

类推

analogy

抗税 tax evasion

抗诉 protest

抗诉人 protestor

科目 subject

科学技术部 Ministry of Scienceand Technology

可变成本 variable cost

可变条件 contingent condition

可驳回的 rebuttable

可撤销的 voidable

可持续经济增长 sustainable economicgrowth

可动财产 movable property

可反驳的 rebuttable

可公诉罪行 indictable offence

可流转票据 negotiableinstrument

可凭票要求付款 payable on demand

可强制执行的 enforceable

可商销的品质 merchantable quality

可实施的 enforceable

可使无效的 voidable

可收回的 recoverable

可提出公诉 an indictment may bepreferred

可行性报告 report offeasibility

可行性研究报告 feasibility studyreport

可宣布失效的 voidable

可循公诉程序审讯 triable uponindictment

可循公诉程序审讯的罪行 offence triable uponindictment

可以 May

可转换债券 convertible bond

可转让票据 negotiableinstrument

可追偿的 recoverable

可自由兑换货币 freely convertiblecurrency

可作多种解释 ambiguity

客观标志原则 principle ofobjective marks

客观结论 objective conclusion

客户 client

空头转帐支票 rubber cheque

控股公司 holding company

控制现金投放 control currencyissuance

口述陈词 oral submissions

口蹄疫 foot-and-mouth disease

口头辩论 oral argument

口头陈述 oral statement

口头词句 spoken words

口头的 oral

口头的法律程序 oral proceedings

口头方式 vival voice

口头覆问 re-examine viva voce

口头盘问 oral cross-examination

口头问题 viva voce question

口头形式 orally

口头讯问 oral examination

口头遗嘱 oral will

口头证供 oral testimony

口头证据 oral evidence

扣除物价因素 in real terms

扣留文件 suppresses a document

扣押 Detain, withhold

扣押财产 seize property

扣押债务人财产令状 writ of fieri facias

扣押证物 seizure of material

库存产品 inventory

跨国银行业务 cross-border banking

跨年度采购 cross-yearprocurement

宽城满族自治县 Kuancheng ManchuNationality Autonomous County

亏损企业 enterprises running in the red/underdeficit

扩大 enlarge

垃圾债券 junk bond

来料加工 processing of imported materials forexport

莱茵河航行公约 Rhine NavigationConvention

赖以保护 relying on

蓝牙技术 bluetooth

滥用职权 abuse of power

劳动保险 labour insurance

劳动法 labour law

劳动改造 reform-through-labour

劳动和社会保障部 Ministry of Labourand Social Securities

劳动纪律 labour discipline

劳动教养 rehabilitation-through-labour

劳动教养处罚 punishment ofrehabilitation through labour

劳动教养决定 decision ofrehabilitation through labour

劳动教育 re-education through labour

劳动能力 ability to work

劳役 penal servitude

老家 one's own home

泪愤状态 provocation

类推审核 analogy review

类推审核法院 Court of AnalogyReview

类推适用 application by analogy

累犯 recidivist

离岸价格 FOB

离岸价格 free on board

离岸银行业务 off-shore banking(business)

离婚 divorce

离婚判决 divorce decree

离婚诉讼 suit for divorce

理顺外贸体制 rationalize foreigntrade regime

历史法学派 historical school

立案 filing a case

立案条件 condition for filing a case

立法 legislation

立法程序 legislative procedure

立法机关 legislature

立法解释 legislative interpretation

立法精神 legislative spirit

立法权 legislative power

立法宗旨 purpose of legislation

立宪国家 constitutional state

立约能力 capacity to contract

立约资格 capacity to contract

利改税 substitution of tax payment for profitdelivery

利滚利 compound interest

利害冲突 conflict of interest

利率杠杆的调节作用 the role of interestrates in resource allocation

利润驱动 profit-driven

利息回收率 interest collectionratio

隶属关系 relationship of administrativesubordination

连带责任 joint and several liabilities, jointliability

连工包料合同 contract for workand materials

连锁企业 franchise (businesses)

联邦法 federal law

联合国 the United Nations

联合国大会 United NationsGeneral Assembly

联合兼并 conglomeration and merger ofenterprises

联合经营 joint venture

联行清算 inter-bank settlement

联营投资资本 joint tradinginvestment capital

廉政建设 construction of a clean and honestadministration

恋爱阶段 in courtship

良性循环 virtuous cycle

两级仲裁 two instance arbitration

两极分化 growing income disparity

两审终结 final judgment after two trials

量刑原则 sentencing principle

辽宁省 Liaoning Province

辽阳市 Liaoyang Municipality

了结法律程序 compete legalproceedings

了结诉请 satisfies the claim

了结诉讼因由 satisfaction of thecause of action

林区 forestry district

临经税 temporary business tax

临时付款 provisional payment

磷化锌 phosphorate zinc

零售物价指数 retail price index

零售业 retail trace

领导责任 leadership responsibility

领使人员 consular agent

领养的父母 adoptive parent

领养的子女 adopted child

领养父亲或领养母亲 adopting parent

令公众觉得不雅的行为 offence againstpublic decency

令公众利益受到损害 injurious to thepublic interest

令公众受到损害 injurious to thepublic interest

令人反感 offensive

令人反感的文字 offensive writing

令人厌恶 offensive

令人厌恶的人物 offensivepersonalities

令状 Precept, warrant, writ

令状文稿 draft writ

另行发布 promulgated otherwise, providedotherwise

流动性比例 liquidity ratio

流动资产周转率 velocity of liquidassets

流动资金贷款 working capitalloans

流氓 hooligan

流氓行为 act of hoolighism

流氓罪 hooliganism

流通速度 velocity of liquid assets

流通体制 distribution system

流通网络 distribution network

留购 hire purchase

硫酸铵 ammonium sulphate

柳州市 Liuzhou Municipality

六法全书 Complete Book of Six Codes

六亲不认 repudiate all of one's relatives

垄断行业 monopolized industry

路演 road show

铝 aluminium

履行 performance

履行合同 perform contract

履行合同义务 perform someone'sduty under the contract

履约能力 contractual capacity

律师费 retainer

律师或大律师 attorney

律师事务所 Law Firm

律师行业 the practice of law

律政人员 legal officer

乱搞男女关系 unjustifiable manand woman relationship

乱集资 irregularfund raising

乱收费 irregularcharges

乱摊派 unjustifiedlevies

略有帮忙 is of some assistance

罗马法 Roman law

洛阳市 Luoyang Municipality

麻黄素片 ephedrine

麻醉品单一公约 Single Convention onNarcotic Drugs

麻醉药品 anaesthetic medicine

马鞍山市 Maanshan Municipality

埋藏物 property buried underground

买方市场 buyer's market

买卖合同 contract on sales and purchases

买卖婚姻 mercenary marriage

卖出回购证券 matched sale of repo

卖方市场 seller's market

卖淫 prostitution

满足 satisfaction

满族 Man minority people

冒充 impersonate

冒充国家工作人员招摇撞骗罪 offence of posing asa state personnel in order to cheat

贸易壁垒 trade protectionism

贸易差额 trade balance

贸易惯例 trade usage

贸易逆差 adverse balance of trade, tradedeficit

贸易顺差 favorable balance, trade surplus

贸易限制 restraint of trade

没收 Forfeit, confiscate

没收财产 confiscation of property

没有配偶的男女 men and womenwithout spouses

煤炭行业关井压产领导小组办公室 Coal IndustryClosing mine Pushing Down Production Leading Group Office

美散痛 methadone

门户网站 portals

盟 prefecture

孟村回族自治县 Mengcun HuiNationality Autonomous Region

免除 remit

免二减三 exemption of income tax for the firsttwo years of making profit and 50% tax reduction for the following three years

免收地价批给的土地 land granted at nilpremium

免予起诉书面决定 a written decisionto exempt from prosecution

面值 nominal value

民法 civil law

民法典 Civil Code

民法理论 civil law theory

民法通则 the General Principles of Civil Law

民间信用 non-institutionalized credit

民警 People's Police

民事法律程序文件 civil process

民事纠纷 civil dispute

民事判决书 paper of civiljudgment

民事赔偿 civil compensation

民事侵权法 law of tort

民事权利 civil rights

民事审判人员 civil judicialofficer

民事审判庭 Court of CivilDivision

民事诉讼 civil proceedings

民事诉讼程序公约 Civil ProcedureConvention

民事诉讼法 Civil Procedural law

民事责任 civil liability/liabilities

民事主体资格 qualifications ofcivil subject

民用航空管理制度 system of civilaviation management

民政 civil affairs

民政部 Ministry of Civil Affairs

民主集中制 democraticcentralism

民族平等 equality of the peoples

民族乡 nationality township

名牌产品 brand products

名义上的 nominal damages

名誉权 right of reputation

名誉权案件 case concerning theright of reputation

明补 explicit subsidy

明亏 explicit loss

明码标价 sell at expressly marked price

明政专员 ombudsman

命令 injunction

模棱两可 ambiguity

默示合同 implied contract

默示条款 implied terms

谋取暴利 reap staggering profits, seekexorbitant profits

谋杀 murder

某甲 John Doe one

某人应当为某事负责 Somebody shall be(is) held liable for something

母法 mother law

母公司 holding company

母国 home country

母女关系 mother and daughter relationship

亩 mu

牡丹江市 Mudanjiang Municipality

内部交易 insides dealing

内部控制 internal control

内部审计 internal audit

内部通知 internal circular

内地段 inland lot

内地与香港 the mainland andHong Kong

内乱 civil commotion/civial disturbance

内蒙古自治区 Inner MongoliaAutonomous Region

内幕 backdoor

内幕交易 insider dealing

内幕交易审裁处 Insider DealingTribunal

内幕交易者 insider dealer

内庭 chambers

内庭处理 dispose of in chambers

内庭法官 judge in chambers

内庭法律程序 proceedings inchambers

内债 domestic debt

纳妾 concubinage

纳税卡 Taxation Payment Voucher

男方离婚没有理由 the husband has noreason for divorce

男女平等 men and women are equal(s)., equalityof men and women, equality between [of] the sexes

南昌市 Nanchang Municipality

南京市 Nanjing Municipality

南宁市 Nanning Municipality

南平市 Nanping Municipality

南通市 Nantong Municipality

脑外伤综合症 combined externalhead injuries

年报 annual report

年度账目 annual accounts

宁波市 Ningbo Municipality

宁静的占有权 quiet possession

宁夏回族自治区 Ningxia HuiNationality Autonomous Region

扭亏为盈 turn a loss-making enterprise into aprofitable one

扭曲金融分配 distorted allocationof financial resources

纽约公约 New York Convention

农村剩余劳动力 surplus rural labour

农村信用社 rural credit cooperatives

农副产品采购支出 outlays foragricultural procurement

农工商联合企业agro-industrial-commercial combines

农垦区 land reclamation district

农民集体 peasant collective

农药残留物 pesticide residue

农业部 Ministry of Agriculture

农业发展银行 AgricultureDevelopment Bank

农业税 agricultural tax

农转非 rural residents become urbanresidents

虐待 maltreat

虐待罪 crime of abuse

挪用公款 misappropriation of public funds

殴打他人 assault

偶犯 casual offender

排斥外在证据原则 parol evidence rule

排除责任条款 exclusion clause

排纷解讼 dissolution of disputes andlitigation

排他性的独占权 exclusive monopolyright

派生的分租人 derivativeunder-lessor

派生的分租租契 derivativeunder-lease

判案理由 adjudicative reasons, grounds ofjudgment

判处 sentence

判定 confirm

判定债务人没有付款的誓章 affidavit of defaulton the part of the judgment debtor

判决 judgment

判决理据 grounds of judgment

判决书 written judgment

判决执行 enforcement of the judgment

判刑 sentence

泡沫经济 bubble economy

泡沫效应 bubble effect

培育新的经济增长点 to tap new sourcesof economic growth

赔偿 compensate

赔偿金 compensation money

赔偿损失 compensation for losses

赔偿责任 liability to damages

配股 allotment of shares,rationed shares

配合饲料compound/mix feed

配偶 spouse

配偶的父母 parents-in-law

配套改革 concomitant reforms

配套人民币资金 local currencyfunding of

批复 Reply

批评教育 re-education

批准 approve, approval

批准机关 approval authority

批准文号 registered number of approval

批租土地 leasehold

批租土地财产 leasehold property

批租土地权益 leasehold interest

披露 disclose

皮包公司 briefcase company

片面追求发展速度 excessive pursuit ofgrowth

偏瘫 hemiplegia

姘居 illicit cohabitation

拼音隔音符 notes and comment

品质 quality

平仓 close out, cover, position squaring

平仓价 exit price

平等互利协商一致的原则principles of equality and mutual benefit and of negotiated consensus

平等权 equal right

平调给 assign

平顶山市 Pingdingshan Municipality

平衡发展 balanced development

平价 parity

平价期权 at-the-money option

平均价盘 average value order

平均每日成交额 average dailyturnover

平买入仓 closing buy

平卖出仓 closing sale

平稳回升 steady recovery

评价 assess

凭票要求付款予持票人的银行纸币 bank notes payableto bearer on demand

凭样品的货物销售 sale of goods bysample

瓶颈制约 bottleneck

迫使 coerces

破产管理人 receiver

破产清算 liquidation

破坏电力设备 sabotage ofelectrical power equipment

破坏军人婚姻罪 crime of damagingthe marriage of a member of the Armed Force

破坏社会主义经济秩序罪 crime of underminingthe socialist economic order

破坏司法公正 perverting thecourse of justice

破坏他人财产 destroy privateproperty

破裂 collapse

铺底流动资金 initial working capital

普遍回升 broad-based recovery

普遍优惠制 generalizedpreferential system, general system of preferences

普通法 common law

普通法院 Common Court

七五环保项目领导小组 The Seventh FiveYear PlanEnvironmental Protection Projects Leading Group

期初存货 opening stock

期末存货 closing stock

期票 promissory note

欺压 oppression

欺诈性不作为 fraudulent omission

齐齐哈尔市 QiqihaerMunicipality

企图妨碍司法公正 attempting topervert the course of justice

企业办社会 enterprises burdenedwith social responsibilities

企业产权 property rights of enterprises

企业法人 enterprise legal person

企业集团战略 corporate groupstrategy

企业兼并重组 company merger andrestructuring

企业领导班子 enterprisemanagement

企业所得税 enterprise incometax

企业效益 corporate profitability

企业重组 reshuffle of the enterprises

企业注册局 EnterpriseRegistration Bureau

企业资金违规流入股市 irregular flow ofenterprise funds into the stock market

企业资信证 capital creditcertificate

启蒙时代 Age of Enlightenment

起诉 bring a suit against sb

起诉 initiate a public prosecution

起诉书 Bill of Indictment

起诉要求赔偿损失 sue for damage,start a suit to one's loss

起诉意见书 Written OpinionRecommending Prosecution

起诉状 statement of complaint

汽垫船 hovercraft

契据 deed

契据式合同 contract by deed

契税 deed tax

契约法 law of contract

契约自由 freedom of ntract

洽商 discussion

迁徙自由 freedom of movement

前父母 former parent

前提条件 pre-conditions

潜逃境外 absconding abroad

欠缴 default of payment

欠款证明书 certificate ofarrears

欠缺抗辩书 in default ofdefence

欠缺所有权 want of title

欠缺真诚 want of good faith

欠税 tax arrears

欠条 IOU

欠妥 Defect, deficient

欠妥之处 defect

欠息 overdue interest

强化税收征管 strengthen taxadministration

强奸 rape

强迫婚姻 coerced marriage

强迫仲裁 compulsory arbitration

强制 coerces

强制措施 coercive measure

强制措施 enforcement action

强制交付令状 writ of specificdelivery

强制力 power of enforcement

强制履行 enforced performance

强制性禁制令 mandatory injunction

强制许可 compulsory licensing

强制执行 enforce

强制执行措施 implementingmeasures

抢夺罪 crime of forcible seizure

抢购 panic buying

抢劫 robbery

敲诈勒索罪 offence of extortionby blackmail

翘尾因素 carryover effect

切一刀 partial application

妾 concubine

亲权 parental right

亲生父母 natural parents

亲生父亲或母亲 natural parent

亲生子女 natural child

侵犯 encroach on, infringe upon, violate

侵犯财产罪 crime of propertyviolation

侵犯公民人身权利民主权利罪 crime of infringingupon personal rights and the democratic rights of citizens

侵害 infringe

侵权 Tort, infringe

侵权人 infringing party

侵权诉讼 action in tort

侵权行为 infringing acts, invasive conduct

侵入 trespass

侵吞公款 embezzlement

青岛市 Qingdao Municipality

青海省 Qinghai Province

青霉素 anka penicillin

青少年罪犯 juvenile offender

轻率承诺 mere promise

轻微犯罪 minor offences

轻微缺陷 light defects

轻微违约行为 trivial breach

倾向性的 tendentious

倾销 dump

倾斜政策 preferential policy

清偿 repay

清理收回贷款 clean up and recoverloans

清龙满族自治县 Qing Long ManchuNationality Autonomous Region

清算公司 clearing corporation

情节 circumstances of the case

氰化钠 sodium cyanide

请求 petition

请示 request

请示报告 Request for Instructions

请予批复 We hereby respectfully request for areply thereto

区别对待 differential treatment

区域经济 regional economies

趋势加强 intensifying trend

衢州市 Quzhou Municipality

取保候审 obtain a guarantor pending trial

取得 procurement

取得补偿的权利 right tocompensation

取得物质帮助权 right to materialassistance

取消大律师资格 disbarred

去世债务人财产官方扣押令状 writ of diem clausitextremum

圈封土地 enclosed land

全国爱国卫生运动委员会 National Patriotic(Public) Health Campaign Commission

全国博士后管理委员会 National Post-DoctorRegulatory Commission

全国残疾人康复工作办公室 National theHandicapped Recovery Working Office

全国打击走私领导小组 National Crack DownSmuggling Leading Group

全国电子交易系统 National ElectronicTrading System (NETS)

全国电子信息系统推广办公室 National ElectronicInformation System Promotion Office

全国妇女联合会 National Women'sFederation

全国高等教育自学考试指导委员会 National HigherEducation Examination For the Self-Study Steering Commission

全国工业产品生产许可证办公室 National IndustrialProduct Manufacture Licensing Certificate Office

全国供销合作总社 National Supply andMarketing Cooperative General Agency

全国技术市场协调领导小组 National TechnologyMarket Coordination Leading Group

全国加强企业管理领导小组 NationalStrengthening Enterprise Management Leading Group

全国教育工会 National EducationLabour Union

全国禁毒工作领导小组 National Ban DrugsWork Leading Group

全国控制集团购买力办公室 National GroupPurchasing Power Control Office

全国老旧汽车更新领导小组办公室 National CrateReplacement Leading Group Office

全国老龄委 China Aging ProblemNational Commission

全国绿化委员会 NationalAflorestation Environmental Protection Commission

全国普及法律常识办公室 NationalPopularization of Legal Knowledge Office

全国清理三乱领导小组办公室 National Clearing"Three Mess"Leading Group Office

全国清理整顿公司领导小组 National Clean-upand Rectification Companies Leading Group

全国人大常委会 The StandingCommittee of the National People's Congress

全国人大及其常务委员会 National People'sCongress and its Standing Committee

全国人民代表大会 The National PeopleCongress of the People's Republic of China

全国人民代表大会常务委员会 The StandingCommittee of the National People's Congress

全国人民代表大会主席团 Presidium of theNational People's Congress

全国扫黄工作小组办公室 National"Campaign against Pornography" Working Group Office

全国扫盲工作部际协调小组 National EliminatingIlliteracy Work Inter-Department Coordination Group

全国水土保持工作协调小组 National Water andLand Preservation Work Coordination Group

全国土地资源调查办公室 National LandResources Investigation Office

全国哲学社会科学规划领导小组 National PhilosophySocial Science Planning Leading Group

全国政协科教文卫体委员会 Science EducationCulture Health and Sport Commission of the CPPCC

全国支持经济不发达地区资金管理委员会 National supportingEconomic Underdeveloped District Funds Regulatory Commission

全国职工教育管理委员会 National WorkersEducation Regulatory Commission

全国专业标准化技术委员会 NationalProfessional Standardization Techniques Commission

全面摊薄每股盈利 fully dilutedearnings per share

全面仲裁 comprehensive arbitration

全民所有企业 enterprise under theownership of the whole people

全球化 globalization

全球期货交易系统 Globex

全资附属公司 wholly-ownedsubsidiary

权利和利益 rights and interests

权利人 creditor

权利文件 entitlement document

权利义务相一致的精神 the spirit thatrights are equated with responsibilities

权利主体 subject of right

权限 limit of authority

权限文件 authority

权益回报率 returns on equity

泉州市 Quanzhou Municipality

缺乏后劲 unsustainable momentum

缺乏可接受的依据 absence ofacceptable grounds

缺陷 defect

确定 assese

确定 confirm

确定数额 quantify

确权纠纷案件 controversy overownership of patent right

确权决定案件 case concerningdecisions on ownership

确权之诉 interpleader cause

确认 affirmation

群众 the general public

让与 relinguish

扰乱办公秩序 disturbing the orderin the workplace

扰乱公共秩序 public disorder

扰乱社会秩序罪 offence ofdisrupting the social order

绕规模贷款 circumvent creditceiling

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